Positioning in the presence of passive distributed elements

ABSTRACT

Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate transmitting positioning reference signals (PRS) differently for passive distributed elements. PRSs for passive distributed elements can be transmitted over disparate resources than those utilized for PRSs at a related access point, using different symbol sequences, and/or the like. In this regard, wireless devices can differentiate between PRSs from access points and those from passive distributed elements, which can mitigate confusion for processes involving such RSs, such as position determining. Alternatively, passive distributed elements can refrain from transmitting PRSs, and a corresponding access point can indicate to wireless devices to only determine positioning based on PRSs. Thus, the wireless devices can utilize the PRSs transmitted from the access point (and not other reference signals transmitted from the passive distributed element) to determine a position.

CROSS-REFERENCE

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser.No. 61/220,987, filed Jun. 26, 2009, and entitled “POSITIONING IN THEPRESENCE OF PASSIVE DISTRIBUTED ELEMENTS,” the entirety of which isincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

I. Field

The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications andmore specifically to transmitting reference signals to one or moredevices.

II. Background

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustypes of communication content such as, for example, voice, data, and soon. Typical wireless communication systems may be multiple-accesssystems capable of supporting communication with multiple users bysharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, . .. ). Examples of such multiple-access systems may include code divisionmultiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA)systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonalfrequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, and the like.Additionally, the systems can conform to specifications such as thirdgeneration partnership project (3GPP), 3GPP long term evolution (LTE),ultra mobile broadband (UMB), etc., and can use one or more protocols,such as high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), single carrier HSUPA(SC-HSUPA), dual carrier HSUPA (DC-HSUPA), etc.

Generally, wireless multiple-access communication systems maysimultaneously support communication for multiple mobile devices. Eachmobile device may communicate with one or more access points (e.g., basestations, femtocells, picocells, relay nodes, and/or the like) viatransmissions on forward and reverse links. The forward link (ordownlink) refers to the communication link from access points to mobiledevices, and the reverse link (or uplink) refers to the communicationlink from mobile devices to access points. Further, communicationsbetween mobile devices and access points may be established viasingle-input single-output (SISO) systems, multiple-input single-output(MISO) systems, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, and soforth. In addition, mobile devices can communicate with other mobiledevices (and/or access points with other access points) in peer-to-peerwireless network configurations.

SUMMARY

The following presents a simplified summary of various aspects of theclaimed subject matter in order to provide a basic understanding of suchaspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplatedaspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elementsnor delineate the scope of such aspects. Its sole purpose is to presentsome concepts of the disclosed aspects in a simplified form as a preludeto the more detailed description that is presented later.

In accordance with one or more embodiments and corresponding disclosurethereof, various aspects are described in connection with facilitatingutilizing different transmission parameters for positioning referencesignals (PRS) of passive distributed elements, as compared to those fora related access point. For example, passive distributed elements cantransmit PRSs over disparate resources than those utilized by an accesspoint to transmit PRSs and/or using different symbol sequences withinthe resources. In addition, the access point can provision the relatedresources, or symbol sequences, to one or more wireless devices tofacilitate processing the PRSs. In another example, passive distributedelements can refrain from transmitting PRSs such that wireless devicescan only measure PRSs from the access point. In this example, wirelessdevices can be signaled to measure PRSs only in determining positioningto mitigate additionally determining position from CRSs of the accesspoint transmitted by the passive distributed elements.

According to an aspect, a method is provided that includes receiving aPRS from an access point and receiving a disparate PRS from a passivedistributed element employed by the access point. The method furtherincludes associating the PRS with the access point and the disparate PRSwith the passive distributed element.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communications apparatus. Thewireless communications apparatus can include at least one processorconfigured to obtain a PRS from an access point and obtain a disparatePRS from a passive distributed element related to the access point. Theat least one processor is further configured to identify the PRS asrelated to the access point and the disparate PRS as related to thepassive distributed element. The wireless communications apparatus alsocomprises a memory coupled to the at least one processor.

Yet another aspect relates to an apparatus. The apparatus includes meansfor receiving a PRS from an access point and a disparate PRS from apassive distributed element employed by the access point. The apparatusalso includes means for associating the PRS with the access point andthe disparate PRS with the passive distributed element.

Still another aspect relates to a computer program product, which canhave a computer-readable medium including code for causing at least onecomputer to obtain a PRS from an access point and code for causing theat least one computer to obtain a disparate PRS from a passivedistributed element related to the access point. The computer-readablemedium can also comprise code for causing the at least one computer toidentify the PRS as related to the access point and the disparate PRS asrelated to the passive distributed element.

Moreover, an additional aspect relates to an apparatus including areference signal (RS) receiving component that obtains a PRS from anaccess point and a disparate PRS from a passive distributed elementemployed by the access point. The apparatus further includes an RSsource determining component that associates the PRS with the accesspoint and the disparate PRS with the passive distributed element.

According to another aspect, a method is provided that includesreceiving an indicator specifying one or more signal types receivablefrom one or more access points or passive distributed elements fordetermining a position. The method also includes measuring signals ofthe one or more signal types to determine positioning data.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communications apparatus. Thewireless communications apparatus can include at least one processorconfigured to obtain an indicator that specifies one or more signaltypes receivable from one or more access points or passive distributedelements for determining a position. The at least one processor isfurther configured to process signals of the one or more signal types todetermine positioning data. The wireless communications apparatus alsocomprises a memory coupled to the at least one processor.

Yet another aspect relates to an apparatus. The apparatus includes meansfor receiving an indicator that specifies one or more signal typesreceivable from one or more access points or passive distributedelements for determining a position. The apparatus also includes meansfor measuring signals of the one or more signal types to determinepositioning data.

Still another aspect relates to a computer program product, which canhave a computer-readable medium including code for causing at least onecomputer to obtain an indicator that specifies one or more signal typesreceivable from one or more access points or passive distributedelements for determining a position. The computer-readable medium canalso comprise code for causing the at least one computer to processsignals of the one or more signal types to determine positioning data.

Moreover, an additional aspect relates to an apparatus including anassistance data receiving component that obtains an indicator thatspecifies one or more signal types receivable from one or more accesspoints or passive distributed elements for determining a position. Theapparatus can further include a position determining component thatmeasures signals of the one or more signal types to discern positioningdata.

In accordance with another aspect, a method is provided that includesgenerating one or more parameters for transmitting a PRS and generatingone or more disparate parameters related to a disparate PRS, wherein thedisparate PRS relates to a passive distributed element. The methodfurther includes transmitting the PRS in a wireless network according tothe one or more parameters.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communications apparatus. Thewireless communications apparatus can include at least one processorconfigured to determine one or more parameters for transmitting a PRSand determine one or more disparate parameters for transmitting adisparate PRS, wherein the disparate PRS relates to a passivedistributed element. The at least one processor is further configured totransmit the PRS according to the one or more parameters. The wirelesscommunications apparatus also comprises a memory coupled to the at leastone processor.

Yet another aspect relates to an apparatus. The apparatus includes meansfor generating one or more parameters for transmitting a PRS and one ormore disparate parameters for transmitting a disparate PRS, wherein thedisparate PRS relates to a passive distributed element. The apparatusalso includes means for transmitting the PRS in a wireless networkaccording to the one or more parameters.

Still another aspect relates to a computer program product, which canhave a computer-readable medium including code for causing at least onecomputer to determine one or more parameters for transmitting a PRS andcode for causing the at least one computer to determine one or moredisparate parameters for transmitting a disparate PRS, wherein thedisparate PRS relates to a passive distributed element. Thecomputer-readable medium can also comprise code for causing the at leastone computer to transmit the PRS according to the one or moreparameters.

Moreover, an additional aspect relates to an apparatus including acomponent that generates one or more parameters for transmitting a PRSand one or more disparate parameters for transmitting a disparate PRS,wherein the disparate PRS relates to a passive distributed element. Theapparatus can further include a transmitting component that transmitsthe PRS in a wireless network according to the one or more parameters.

According to yet another aspect, a method is provided that includestransmitting an indication to one or more wireless devices related toone or more signal types receivable for computing positioning data. Themethod further includes transmitting a signal of the one or more signaltypes to the one or more wireless devices.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communications apparatus. Thewireless communications apparatus can include at least one processorconfigured to provide an indication to one or more wireless devicesrelated to one or more signal types for computing positioning data. Theat least one processor is further configured to transmit a signal of theone or more signal types to the one or more wireless devices. Thewireless communications apparatus also comprises a memory coupled to theat least one processor.

Yet another aspect relates to an apparatus. The apparatus includes meansfor transmitting an indication to one or more wireless devices relatedto one or more signal types receivable for computing positioning data.The apparatus also includes means for transmitting a signal of the oneor more signal types to the one or more wireless devices.

Still another aspect relates to a computer program product, which canhave a computer-readable medium including code for causing at least onecomputer to provide an indication to one or more wireless devicesrelated to one or more signal types for computing positioning data. Thecomputer-readable medium can also comprise code for causing the at leastone computer to transmit a signal of the one or more signal types to theone or more wireless devices.

Moreover, an additional aspect relates to an apparatus including anassistance data providing component that transmits an indication to oneor more wireless devices related to one or more signal types receivablefor computing positioning data. The apparatus can further include atransmitting component that communicates a signal of the one or moresignal types to the one or more wireless devices.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or moreembodiments comprise the features hereinafter fully described andparticularly pointed out in the claims. The following description andthe annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects ofthe one or more embodiments. These aspects are indicative, however, ofbut a few of the various ways in which the principles of variousembodiments may be employed, and the described embodiments are intendedto include all such aspects and their equivalents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for providing passive distributedelements to increase access point communication range.

FIG. 2 is an illustration of an example communications apparatus for usewithin a wireless communications environment.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example wireless communication system fortransmitting positioning reference signals (PRS) related to passivedistributed elements differently than those for a corresponding accesspoint.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example wireless communication system forrefraining from transmitting PRSs from passive distributed elements.

FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of an example methodology that associates PRSswith an access point or a corresponding passive distributed element.

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of an example methodology that correlates PRSswith access points or passive distributed elements based on assistancedata.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of an example methodology that receives anindicator specifying signal types useable for determining a position.

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of an example methodology that generates a PRSfor an access point and a disparate PRS for a related passivedistributed element.

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of an example methodology that indicates one ormore signal types useable for determining a position.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an example apparatus that associates PRSsto an access point or related passive distributed element.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an example apparatus that receives anindicator specifying one or more signal types receivable for determininga position.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an example apparatus that generates a PRSfor transmission and a PRS for transmission by a passive distributedelement.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an example apparatus that indicates one ormore signal types receivable for determining a position.

FIGS. 14-15 are block diagrams of example wireless communication devicesthat can be utilized to implement various aspects of the functionalitydescribed herein.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example wireless multiple-access communicationsystem in accordance with various aspects set forth herein.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating an example wirelesscommunication system in which various aspects described herein canfunction.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the claimed subject matter are now described withreference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used torefer to like elements throughout. In the following description, forpurposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth inorder to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects. It maybe evident, however, that such aspect(s) may be practiced without thesespecific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devicesare shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing one ormore aspects.

As used in this application, the terms “component,” “module,” “system,”and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, eitherhardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, orsoftware in execution. For example, a component can be, but is notlimited to being, a process running on a processor, an integratedcircuit, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program,and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application runningon a computing device and the computing device can be a component. Oneor more components can reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component can be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components can communicate by way oflocal and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal havingone or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems by way of the signal).

Furthermore, various aspects are described herein in connection with awireless terminal and/or a base station. A wireless terminal can referto a device providing voice and/or data connectivity to a user. Awireless terminal can be connected to a computing device such as alaptop computer or desktop computer, or it can be a self containeddevice such as a personal digital assistant (PDA). A wireless terminalcan also be called a wireless device, a system, a subscriber unit, asubscriber station, mobile station, mobile, remote station, accesspoint, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, userdevice, or user equipment (UE). A wireless terminal can be a subscriberstation, wireless device, cellular telephone, PCS telephone, cordlesstelephone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless localloop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handhelddevice having wireless connection capability, or other processing deviceconnected to a wireless modem. A base station (e.g., access point orEvolved Node B (eNB) or other Node B) can refer to a device in an accessnetwork that communicates over the air-interface, through one or moresectors, with wireless terminals. The base station can act as a routerbetween the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, whichcan include an Internet Protocol (IP) network, by converting receivedair-interface frames to IP packets. The base station also coordinatesmanagement of attributes for the air interface.

Moreover, various functions described herein can be implemented inhardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implementedin software, the functions can be stored on or transmitted over as oneor more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media andcommunication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of acomputer program from one place to another. A storage media can be anyavailable media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example,and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM,EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used tocarry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or datastructures and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, any connectionis properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if thesoftware is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote sourceusing a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digitalsubscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio,and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair,DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave areincluded in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein,includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatiledisc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc (BD), where disks usuallyreproduce data magnetically and discs reproduce data optically withlasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within thescope of computer-readable media.

Various techniques described herein can be used for various wirelesscommunication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) systems,and other such systems. The terms “system” and “network” are often usedherein interchangeably. A CDMA system can implement a radio technologysuch as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CDMA2000, etc. UTRAincludes Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and other variants of CDMA.Additionally, CDMA2000 covers the IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. ATDMA system can implement a radio technology such as Global System forMobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA system can implement a radiotechnology such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB),IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM®, etc.UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunication System(UMTS). 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) is an upcoming release that usesE-UTRA, which employs OFDMA on the downlink and SC-FDMA on the uplink.UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE and GSM are described in documents from anorganization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP). Further,CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named“3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2).

Various aspects will be presented in terms of systems that can include anumber of devices, components, modules, and the like. It is to beunderstood and appreciated that the various systems can includeadditional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or that they may notinclude all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed inconnection with the figures. A combination of these approaches can alsobe used.

Referring now to the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates an example system 100that facilitates providing wireless network access to one or moredevices using one or more passive distributed elements. System 100includes an access point 102 that provides a wireless device 104 withaccess to a core network (not shown). For example, access point 102 canprovide wireless network access to wireless device 104 directly and/orthrough one or more passive distributed elements 106 and/or 108, whichcan be wired and/or wirelessly attached to access point 102, forexample. Access point 102 can be substantially any device that providesaccess to one or more network components, such as a macrocell accesspoint, femtocell or picocell access point, eNB, mobile base station,relay node, a portion thereof, and/or the like. Wireless device 104 canbe substantially any device that receives access to a wireless network,such as a mobile device, UE, modem (or other tethered device), a portionthereof, etc. Passive distributed elements 106 and 108 can be radiofrequency (RF) repeaters, remote radio heads (RRH), a portion thereof,or substantially any device that remotely transmits signals from anaccess point.

According to an example, passive distributed elements 106 and 108, asdescribed, can transmit signals transmitted by access point 102 toimprove hearability thereof. Thus, for example, where access point 102transmits a PRS, CRS, etc., passive distributed elements 106 and 108 cantransmit substantially the same PRS, CRS, etc. Where wireless device 104is attempting to determine its position, PRS, CRS, etc. received frompassive distributed elements 106 and 108 can cause incorrect positiondetermining since wireless device 104 associates the received PRS, CRS,etc. with the location of access point 102. Access point 102, forexample, can control transmissions at the passive distributed elements106 and 108 such that access point 102 can cause passive distributedelements 106 and 108 to transmit different signals during different timeperiods. In this regard, for example, passive distributed elements 106and 108 can transmit PRS, CRS, etc. differently from access point 102 tomitigate confusion at wireless device 104.

In one example, passive distributed elements 106 and 108 can transmitPRSs over disparate resources from those utilized by access point 102and/or other passive distributed elements. In this example, access point102 can additionally provision wireless device 104 with locationinformation regarding the passive distributed elements 106 and 108 alongwith one or more parameters regarding the resources utilized by passivedistributed elements 106 and 108 for transmitting PRSs, anidentification related to the PRSs transmitted by passive distributedelements 106 and 108, and/or the like. It is to be appreciated thataccess point 102 can provide similar information about its location, PRSparameters, etc. In this regard, wireless device 104 can utilize atleast a PRS transmitted by one or more of the passive distributedelements 106 and/or 108, or access point 102, to determine positioningbased on the related location information. Additionally oralternatively, passive distributed elements 106 and 108 can transmitPRSs using disparate PRS sequences to differentiate from PRSstransmitted by access point 102 or other passive distributed elements.Similarly, in this example, access point 102 can provision sequenceinformation to wireless device 104 to facilitate identifying the PRSsand associating with location information.

In either case, it is to be appreciated that access point 102 canadditionally signal assigned resources and/or PRS sequences to passivedistributed elements 106 and 108 or cause passive distributed elements106 and 108 to transmit corresponding PRSs over the resources or usingthe PRS sequences. In one example, access point 102 can determine a setof resources and/or a PRS sequence for the passive distributed elements106 and 108 using a random function, a pseudo-random function thatfactors an identifier of the passive distributed element, generated setsof resources according to a hardcoding, specification, configuration,etc., and/or the like.

In another example, passive distributed elements 106 and 108 refrainfrom transmitting PRSs to mitigate confusion in determining positioning.Passive distributed elements 106 and 108, however, can still transmitCRSs for various purposes (e.g., to facilitate channel estimation,etc.). Wireless device 104, in this example, can utilize CRSs inaddition or alternatively to PRSs to determine positioning, which canlead to incorrect results as described previously. Thus, where passivedistributed elements 106 and 108 are not to be used for positioning,access point 102 can provision an indicator to wireless device 104 toonly measure PRSs to determine location. In this regard, wireless device104 can ignore CRSs transmitted from passive distributed elements 106and 108 (and access point 102) when determining positioning. In thisexample, wireless device 104 measures only the PRS transmitted fromaccess point 102 (and/or PRSs from other access points) to determinepositioning.

Referring next to FIG. 2, a communications apparatus 200 that canparticipate in a wireless communications network is illustrated. Thecommunications apparatus 200 can be a wireless terminal, mobile device,access point, a portion thereof, or substantially any device that canreceive RSs in a wireless network. The communications apparatus 200 caninclude an assistance data receiving component 202 that obtainsassistance data related to RSs transmitted in a wireless network, an RSreceiving component 204 that can obtain one or more RSs from an accesspoint and/or related passive distributed elements (not shown), and an RSutilizing component 206 that can process at least one of the one or moreobtained RSs.

According to an example, assistance data receiving component 202 canobtain assistance data from an access point related to utilizing RSstransmitted by the access point and/or one or more related passivedistributed elements. For example, assistance data receiving component202 can obtain data related to location of the passive distributedelements, data related to identifying features of RSs transmitted by thepassive distributed elements (e.g., resources utilized, RS sequencesutilized, identifiers present in the RSs, etc.), indicators of types ofRSs that can be utilized for performing computations at communicationsapparatus 200, and/or the like. In addition, RS receiving component 204can obtain RSs from the access point and/or the one or more passivedistributed elements. RS utilizing component 206 can process and utilizethe RSs according to the assistance data, for example.

For example, where the assistance data identifies features of RSstransmitted by passive distributed elements and/or the correspondingaccess point, RS utilizing component 206 can associate a received RSwith a passive distributed element and/or access point. In addition,where the assistance data includes locations of the passive distributedelements and/or the access point, RS utilizing component 206 can furtherdetermine a location of the passive distributed elements and/or accesspoint associated with the received RS. RS utilizing component 206, forexample, can compute a position of communications apparatus 200 based atleast in part on the received signal strength of the received RS and alocation of the corresponding passive distributed elements and/or accesspoint.

In another example, where the assistance data includes indicationsspecifying types of RSs that can be utilized for certain computations,RS utilizing component 206 can ignore other RSs. Thus, in an example, anaccess point can transmit PRSs without allowing passive distributedelements to transmit the same, as described above. Thus, the assistancedata can specify to only measure PRSs for determining positioning. Thiscan be a one bit indicator, in one example, where the other bit valueindicates substantially any RS can be utilized for positioning. Asdescribed, when the assistance data indicates only measuring PRS forpositioning, RS utilizing component 206 can ignore CRSs or other RSsreceived from the passive distributed elements and/or access point.Thus, in this example as well, positioning can be determined withoutconfusion caused from passive distributed elements transmitting RSsrelated to the access point. When the assistance data indicates thatsubstantially any RS can be utilized, on the other hand, RS utilizingcomponent 206 can process substantially any RS from the related accesspoint (and/or potential passive distributed elements) to determinepositioning. In one example, however, this indicator can be specifiedwhere the access point does not leverage passive distributed elements.

Now referring to FIG. 3, illustrated is a wireless communications system300 that facilitates transmitting PRSs related to passive distributedelements differently from PRSs transmitted by a related access point.System 300 includes an access point 102 that provides one or morewireless devices, such as wireless device 104, with access to a corenetwork (not shown). Moreover, access point 102 can be a macrocellaccess point, femtocell access point, picocell access point, mobile basestation, a portion thereof, and/or substantially any device thatprovides wireless network access. In addition, for example, wirelessdevice 104 can be a UE, modem (or other tethered device), a portionthereof, and/or substantially any device that receives access to awireless network. In addition, access point 102 can utilize one or morepassive distributed elements, such as passive distributed element 106 toincrease signal power. Passive distributed element 106 can be an RFrepeater, RRH, and/or the like, as described.

Access point 102 can comprise a PRS resource selecting component 302that determines one or more resources for transmitting a PRS related tothe access point or one or more passive distributed elements, as well asa PRS sequence determining component 304 that discerns one or more PRSsequences for transmitting a PRS related to the access point or one ormore passive distributed elements. Access point 102 also includes anassistance data providing component 306 that formulates and transmitsassistance data related to PRSs of the access point and the one or morepassive distributed elements, a transmitting component 308 thattransmits PRSs and/or other data to a wireless device, and a remotetransmitting component 310 that causes one or more passive distributedelements to transmit a PRS or other data to a wireless device.

Passive distributed element 106 can include a receiving component 312that obtains signals from an access point 102 (e.g., dedicated orbroadcast over a wired or wireless connection) and a transmittingcomponent 314 that transmits the signals received from the access point102. Wireless device 104 comprises an assistance data receivingcomponent 316 that obtains assistance data related to one or more accesspoints and corresponding passive distributed elements and an RSreceiving component 318 that obtains an RS from the one or more accesspoints or corresponding passive distributed elements. Wireless device104 can also include an RS source determining component 320 thatdiscerns an access point or passive distributed element from which oneor more RSs are received and a position determining component 322 thatcomputes a position of the wireless device 104 based at least in part onthe received RS(s).

According to an example, PRS resource selecting component 302 candetermine a set of resources (e.g., time/frequency resources, OFDMsymbols or portions thereof, etc.) or one or more related parameters toutilize for transmitting PRSs related to access point 102. In addition,PRS resource selecting component 302 can select disparate resources forcommunicating PRSs related to passive distributed element 106. Forexample, PRS resource selecting component 302 can determine resourcesfor access point 102 and passive distributed elements 106 (as well asother passive distributed elements) according to a pattern or sequence,randomly, pseudo-randomly (e.g., based on a function of an identifier,where an identifier for the passive distributed element 106 can beassigned by access point 102), and/or the like. In addition, thepattern, sequence, or pseudo-random function can be defined as part of ahardcoding, specification, configuration, and/or the like. As described,assigning varying resources for the PRSs can facilitate differentiatingPRSs transmitted by access point 102 from those transmitted by passivedistributed element 106.

Additionally or alternatively, PRS sequence determining component 304can generate or otherwise discern disparate symbol sequences (e.g., OFDMsymbol sequences) or one or more related parameters to utilize intransmitting PRSs for access point 102 and passive distributed element106. In either case, assistance data providing component 306 canformulate information regarding access point 102 and/or passivedistributed element 106, such as location, PRS resources utilized, PRSsequences utilized, identifiers in the PRS, and/or other information tofacilitate identifying PRSs transmitted by access point 102 and passivedistributed element 106. Similarly, as described, the PRS sequences canbe assigned according to a pattern or sequence, randomly,pseudo-randomly based on identifier, and/or the like. Assistance dataproviding component 306 can transmit the assistance data to wirelessdevice 104, which can include broadcasting from access point 102,sending as a dedicated signal to wireless device 104, and/or the like.

Assistance data receiving component 316 can obtain the assistance dataand store the assistance data for subsequent utilization in detectingPRSs from access point 102 and/or passive distributed element 106. In anexample, transmitting component 308 can transmit a PRS related to accesspoint 102 over resources determined for access point 102 by PRS resourceselecting component 302. Similarly, remote transmitting component 310can cause passive distributed element 106 to transmit a PRS relatedthereto over resources determined for the passive distributed element106 by PRS resource selecting component 302. Receiving component 312 canobtain the PRS, and transmitting component 314 can transmit the PRS overthe resources. In both cases, RS receiving component 318 can obtain atleast one of the PRSs over the corresponding resources. RS sourcedetermining component 320 can discern whether a PRS is transmitted byaccess point 102 or passive distributed element 106 based at least inpart on resources over which the PRS is received and the assistancedata, as described.

Additionally or alternatively, transmitting component 308 can transmit aPRS related to access point 102 using a symbol sequence generated orotherwise determined by PRS sequence determining component 304.Similarly, remote transmitting component 310 can cause passivedistributed element 106 to transmit a PRS related thereto over a symbolsequence discerned for it by PRS sequence determining component 304.Receiving component 312 can obtain the PRS that utilizes the symbolsequence, and transmitting component 314 can transmit the PRS using thesymbol sequence for passive distributed element 106, as described. RSreceiving component 318 can receive at least one of the PRSs, and RSsource determining component 320 can similarly (or additionally)determine whether a PRS relates to access point 102 or passivedistributed element 106 based at least in part on a received symbolsequence and the assistance data. In either case, once RS sourcedetermining component 320 discerns whether access point 102 or passivedistributed element 106, position determining component 322 candetermine a position of wireless device 104 based at least in part on astrength of the PRS and a location of the determined PRS source, forexample.

Turning to FIG. 4, illustrated is a wireless communications system 400that facilitates processing RSs from access points that utilize passivedistributed elements. System 400 includes an access point 102 thatprovides one or more wireless devices, such as wireless device 104, withaccess to a core network (not shown). Moreover, access point 102 can bea macrocell access point, femtocell access point, picocell access point,mobile base station, a portion thereof, and/or substantially any devicethat provides wireless network access. In addition, for example,wireless device 104 can be a UE, modem (or other tethered device), aportion thereof, and/or substantially any device that receives access toa wireless network. In addition, access point 102 can utilize one ormore passive distributed elements, such as passive distributed element106 to increase signal power. Passive distributed element 106 can be anRF repeater, RRH, and/or the like, as described.

Access point 102 can comprise an assistance data providing component 402that generates and transmits assistance data related to RSs of an accesspoint and/or one or more passive distributed elements employed by theaccess point, a transmitting component 308 that transmits RSs and/orother data to a wireless device, and a remote transmitting component 310that causes one or more passive distributed elements to transmit an RSor other data to a wireless device. Passive distributed element 106 caninclude a receiving component 312 that obtains signals from an accesspoint 102 (e.g., dedicated or broadcast over a wired or wirelessconnection) and a transmitting component 314 that transmits the signalsreceived from the access point 102. Wireless device 104 comprises anassistance data receiving component 404 that obtains assistance datarelated to one or more access points and corresponding passivedistributed elements, an RS receiving component 318 that obtains an RSfrom the one or more access points or corresponding passive distributedelements, and a position determining component 406 that computes aposition of the wireless device 104 based at least in part on thereceived RS.

According to an example, access point 102 can transmit PRSs withoutcausing passive distributed element 106 to transmit the same. Accesspoint 102, however, can cause passive distributed element 106 totransmit CRSs to allow devices receiving from passive distributedelement 106 to communicate with the passive distributed element 106(e.g., perform channel estimation for signals received therefrom, etc.).In this example, access point 102 can notify wireless device 104 to notconsider CRSs in determining position (e.g., since the CRS received frompassive distributed element 106 relates to access point 102, and passivedistributed element 106 is remotely located, as described). Thus, inthis example, assistance data providing component 306 can transmitassistance data to wireless device 104 that indicates only PRSs are tobe used in determining positioning. Assistance data receiving component404 can obtain this indication for utilization in measuring PRSs forpositioning.

In this regard, for example, transmitting component 308 can transmit aPRS related to access point 102, and remote transmitting component 310can refrain from forwarding the PRS to passive distributed element 106for transmitting. RS receiving component 318 can obtain the PRS.Position determining component 406, for example, can determine the PRSis, in fact, a PRS (and not a CRS or other RS) and can determine aposition of the wireless device 104 based at least in part on the PRS.In addition, transmitting component 308 can transmit a CRS, and remotetransmitting component 310 can cause passive distributed element 106 totransmit the CRS. Receiving component 312 can receive the CRS, andtransmitting component 314 can transmit the CRS. RS receiving component318 can receive the CRS from access point 102 and/or passive distributedelement 106. Position determining component 322, however, can ignore theCRS for the purposes of determining position of the wireless device 104based at least in part on the indicator in the assistance data, forexample.

In another example, assistance data providing component 402 can set theindicator to a different value. For example, the indicator can be a1-bit indicator for which one value indicates to only utilize PRSs indetermining position while the other value indicates not to only utilizePRSs in determining position. Thus, when assistance data providingcomponent 402 communicates the indicator set to the latter value, RSreceiving component 318 can obtain the PRS and CRS(s) described above,and position determining component 406 can discern a position ofwireless device 104 based at least in part on the PRS and/or CRS(s). Itis to be appreciated, in this example, that assistance data providingcomponent 402 can additionally include location information related toaccess point 102 in the assistance data. Moreover, this indicator valuecan be utilized, for example, where passive distributed element 106 isnot present such that all RSs in the cell are generated by access point102 (and thus there is no confusion from passive distributed elements indetermining location from RSs, as described).

Referring now to FIGS. 5-9, methodologies that can be performed inaccordance with various aspects set forth herein are illustrated. While,for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shownand described as a series of acts, it is to be understood andappreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of acts,as some acts can, in accordance with one or more aspects, occur indifferent orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown anddescribed herein. For example, those skilled in the art will understandand appreciate that a methodology could alternatively be represented asa series of interrelated states or events, such as in a state diagram.Moreover, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement amethodology in accordance with one or more aspects.

With reference to FIG. 5, illustrated is an example methodology 500 fordifferentiating between PRSs from access points and passive distributedelements. At 502, a PRS can be received from an access point. At 504, adisparate PRS can be received from a passive distributed elementemployed by the access point. As described, the PRS differs from thedisparate PRS based at least in part on a set of resources over whichthe PRS and disparate PRS are transmitted/received, symbol sequencescomprising the PRS and the disparate PRS, and/or the like, for example.At 506, the PRS can be associated with the access point and thedisparate PRS with the passive distributed element. This can be based atleast in part on the differences in the PRS (e.g., the associated set ofresources, symbol sequence, and/or the like). Once the PRS and disparatePRS are associated with the appropriate nodes, the PRSs can be utilizedto compute one or more metrics, such as positioning data, and/or thelike. In one example, assistance data can be received that includesparameters for differentiating the PRS of the access point and disparatePRS of the passive distributed element, location of the access point andpassive distributed element, and/or the like, as described.

Turning now to FIG. 6, an example methodology 600 is shown thatfacilitates correlating PRSs to access points and passive distributedelements based at least in part on assistance data. At 602, assistancedata can be received from an access point related to PRSs transmitted bythe access point and one or more passive distributed elements. Asdescribed, the passive distributed elements can be utilized by theaccess point to expand cell coverage. In addition, the assistance datacan include one or more parameters related to sets of resourcescorresponding to PRSs transmitted by the access point and disparate setsof resources corresponding to PRSs transmitted by the passivedistributed elements, symbol sequences that comprise the PRS and adisparate symbol sequence that comprise the disparate PRS, a locationrelated to the access point and a disparate location related to at leastone of the passive distributed elements, and/or the like, as described.At 604, a PRS can be received from the access point and a disparate PRSfrom the passive distributed elements. The PRS and disparate PRS candiffer over related resources, symbol sequences, etc., as described.Thus, at 606, the PRS can be correlated to the access point and thedisparate PRS to the passive distributed element based at least in parton the assistance data.

Referring to FIG. 7, an example methodology 700 that facilitatesdetermining signals that can be utilized for computing a position isillustrated. At 702, an indicator can be received specifying one or moresignal types receivable from one or more access points or passivedistributed elements for determining a position. In an example, passivedistributed elements can transmit CRSs related to corresponding accesspoints. Thus, specifying not to use CRSs for positioning (and instead touse only PRSs) can mitigate any resulting confusion. Where an accesspoint does not have passive distributed elements, however, it canindicate that substantially any RS can be utilized to determinepositioning. As described, in an example, this can be a 1-bit indicatorin assistance data. In any case, at 704, signals of the one or moresignal types can be measured to determine positioning data.

Turning now to FIG. 8, an example methodology 800 is shown thatfacilitates communicating a PRS and a disparate PRS over a passivedistributed element. At 802, one or more parameters can be generated fortransmitting a PRS. At 804, one or more disparate parameters related toa disparate PRS can be generated. As described, the one or moreparameters and one or more disparate parameters can correspond to a setof resources to utilize for transmitting the PRS and a disparate set ofresources for the disparate PRS, a symbol sequence to comprise the PRSand a disparate symbol sequence to comprise the disparate PRS, and/orthe like. Moreover, for example, the one or more parameters or disparateparameters can be communicated to a wireless device using assistancedata (which can also include a location of an access point and of thecorresponding passive distributed element, and/or the like). In anotherexample, the one or more disparate parameters related to the disparatePRS can specify not to transmit the disparate PRS or PRS at a passivedistributed element. At 806, the PRS can be transmitted in a wirelessnetwork according to the one or more parameters. In this regard, asdescribed for example, a wireless device can utilize the PRS (and/or adisparate PRS, where transmitted) for determining a position, forexample.

Referring to FIG. 9, an example methodology 900 that facilitatesindicating one or more signal types that can be utilized to determine aposition is illustrated. At 902, an indication can be transmitted to oneor more wireless devices related to one or more signal types receivablefor computing positioning data. As described, the indication can bereceived in assistance data. The indication, for example, can be a 1-bitindicator that specifies whether or not only PRSs should be used fordetermining a position. At 904, a signal of the one or more signal typescan be transmitted to the one or more wireless devices. Thus, thewireless devices can utilize at least the signal for determining aposition (e.g., and other signals of the one or more types from otheraccess points or passive distributed elements).

It will be appreciated that, in accordance with one or more aspectsdescribed herein, inferences can be made regarding determining resourcesfor transmitting a PRS at an access point and a disparate PRS at arelated passive distributed element, generating symbol sequences for thesame, and/or the like. As used herein, the term to “infer” or“inference” refers generally to the process of reasoning about orinferring states of the system, environment, and/or user from a set ofobservations as captured via events and/or data. Inference can beemployed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate aprobability distribution over states, for example. The inference can beprobabilistic—that is, the computation of a probability distributionover states of interest based on a consideration of data and events.Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composinghigher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inferenceresults in the construction of new events or actions from a set ofobserved events and/or stored event data, whether or not the events arecorrelated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and datacome from one or several event and data sources.

With reference to FIG. 10, illustrated is a system 1000 that facilitatesdifferentiating between PRSs sent from an access point and a relatedpassive distributed element. For example, system 1000 can reside atleast partially within a base station, mobile device, or another devicethat provides access to a wireless network. It is to be appreciated thatsystem 1000 is represented as including functional blocks, which can befunctional blocks that represent functions implemented by a processorusing instructions and/or data retrieved from a computer readablestorage medium. System 1000 includes a logical grouping 1002 ofelectrical components that can act in conjunction. For instance, logicalgrouping 1002 can include an electrical component for receiving a PRSfrom an access point and a disparate PRS from a passive distributedelement employed by the access point 1004. As described, the PRS anddisparate PRS can be received over disparate resources, comprised ofdisparate symbol sequences, and/or the like. Further, logical grouping1002 can comprise an electrical component for associating the PRS withthe access point and the disparate PRS with the passive distributedelement 1006.

As described, for example, electrical component 1006 can associate basedat least in part on identifying the different parameters of the PRS anddisparate PRS (e.g., the resources, symbol sequence, etc.). Moreover, inthis regard, logical grouping 1002 can include an electrical componentfor receiving assistance data from the access point that includes setsof resources or symbol sequences related to the PRS or the disparate PRS1008. Additionally, system 1000 can include a memory 1010 that retainsinstructions and/or data for executing functions associated withelectrical components 1004, 1006, and 1008. While shown as beingexternal to memory 1010, it is to be understood that one or more ofelectrical components 1004, 1006, and 1008 can exist within memory 1010.

Now referring to FIG. 11, illustrated is a system 1100 that facilitatesdetermining one or more signal types to utilize for determiningpositioning. For example, system 1100 can reside at least partiallywithin a base station, mobile device, or another device that providesaccess to a wireless network. It is to be appreciated that system 1100is represented as including functional blocks, which can be functionalblocks that represent functions implemented by a processor usinginstructions and/or data retrieved from a computer readable storagemedium. System 1100 includes a logical grouping 1102 of electricalcomponents that can act in conjunction. For instance, logical grouping1102 can include an electrical component for receiving an indicatorspecifying one or more signal types receivable from one or more accesspoints or passive distributed elements for determining a position 1104.

As described, the indicator can specify whether or not to use only PRSsin determining a position, and thus can be a 1-bit indicator in oneexample. For example, for access points that utilize passive distributedelements, specifying to only measure PRSs allows the passive distributedelements to not transmit PRSs but still transmit CRS and other RSswithout allowing measuring thereof for determining positioning. Further,logical grouping 1102 can comprise an electrical component for measuringsignals of the one or more signal types to determine positioning data1106. Additionally, system 1100 can include a memory 1108 that retainsinstructions and/or data for executing functions associated withelectrical components 1104 and 1106. While shown as being external tomemory 1108, it is to be understood that one or more of electricalcomponents 1104 and 1106 can exist within memory 1108.

With reference to FIG. 12, illustrated is a system 1200 that facilitatestransmitting a PRS and causing a passive distributed element to transmita disparate PRS. For example, system 1200 can reside at least partiallywithin a base station, mobile device, or another device that providesaccess to a wireless network. It is to be appreciated that system 1200is represented as including functional blocks, which can be functionalblocks that represent functions implemented by a processor usinginstructions and/or data retrieved from a computer readable storagemedium. System 1200 includes a logical grouping 1202 of electricalcomponents that can act in conjunction. For instance, logical grouping1202 can include an electrical component for generating one or moreparameters for transmitting a PRS and one or more disparate parametersfor transmitting a disparate PRS, wherein the disparate PRS relates to apassive distributed element 1204. As described, the PRS and disparatePRS can be generated over disparate resources, using disparate symbolsequences, and/or the like. Further, logical grouping 1202 can comprisean electrical component for transmitting the PRS in a wireless networkaccording to one or more parameters 1206.

Moreover, logical grouping 1202 can include an electrical component forproviding the disparate PRS to the passive distributed element fortransmission thereof according to the one or more disparate parameters1208. In this regard, a wireless device receiving the PRS and disparatePRS can differentiate between the two (e.g., for determining aposition), as described. Furthermore, logical grouping 1202 includes anelectrical component for transmitting assistance data to one or morewireless devices 1210. As described, for example, the assistance datacan include the sets of resources, symbol sequences, etc., related tothe PRS and disparate PRS to facilitate identification thereof, locationof the access point and passive distributed element, and/or the like.Additionally, system 1200 can include a memory 1212 that retainsinstructions and/or data for executing functions associated withelectrical components 1204, 1206, 1208, and 1210. While shown as beingexternal to memory 1212, it is to be understood that one or more ofelectrical components 1204, 1206, 1208, and 1210 can exist within memory1212.

Now referring to FIG. 13, illustrated is a system 1300 that facilitatesindicating one or more signal types useable for determining a position.For example, system 1300 can reside at least partially within a basestation, mobile device, or another device that provides access to awireless network. It is to be appreciated that system 1300 isrepresented as including functional blocks, which can be functionalblocks that represent functions implemented by a processor usinginstructions and/or data retrieved from a computer readable storagemedium. System 1300 includes a logical grouping 1302 of electricalcomponents that can act in conjunction. For instance, logical grouping1302 can include an electrical component for transmitting an indicationto one or more wireless devices related to one or more signal typesreceivable for computing positioning data 1304.

As described, the indicator can specify whether or not to use only PRSsin determining a position, and thus can be a 1-bit indicator in oneexample. For example, where system 1300 utilizes passive distributedelements, specifying to only measure PRSs allows the passive distributedelements to not transmit PRSs but still transmit CRS and other RSswithout allowing measuring thereof for determining positioning tomitigate confusion resulting from the remotely located passivedistributed element transmitting RSs of system 1300. Further, logicalgrouping 1302 can comprise an electrical component for transmitting asignal of the one or more signal types to the one or more wirelessdevices 1306. Additionally, system 1300 can include a memory 1308 thatretains instructions and/or data for executing functions associated withelectrical components 1304 and 1306. While shown as being external tomemory 1308, it is to be understood that one or more of electricalcomponents 1304 and 1306 can exist within memory 1308.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a system 1400 that can be utilized toimplement various aspects of the functionality described herein. In oneexample, system 1400 includes a base station or Node B 1402. Asillustrated, Node B 1402 can receive signal(s) from one or more UEs 1404via one or more receive (Rx) antennas 1406 and transmit to the one ormore UEs 1404 via one or more transmit (Tx) antennas 1408. Additionally,Node B 1402 can comprise a receiver 1410 that receives information fromreceive antenna(s) 1406. In one example, the receiver 1410 can beoperatively associated with a demodulator (Demod) 1412 that demodulatesreceived information. Demodulated symbols can then be analyzed by aprocessor 1414. Processor 1414 can be coupled to memory 1416, which canstore information related to code clusters, access terminal assignments,lookup tables related thereto, unique scrambling sequences, and/or othersuitable types of information. In one example, Node B 1402 can employprocessor 1414 to perform methodologies 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and/orother similar and appropriate methodologies. Node B 1402 can alsoinclude a modulator 1418 that can multiplex a signal for transmission bya transmitter 1420 through transmit antenna(s) 1408.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram of another system 1500 that can be utilizedto implement various aspects of the functionality described herein. Inone example, system 1500 includes a mobile terminal 1502. Asillustrated, mobile terminal 1502 can receive signal(s) from one or morebase stations 1504 and transmit to the one or more base stations 1504via one or more antennas 1508. Additionally, mobile terminal 1502 cancomprise a receiver 1510 that receives information from antenna(s) 1508.In one example, receiver 1510 can be operatively associated with ademodulator (Demod) 1512 that demodulates received information.Demodulated symbols can then be analyzed by a processor 1514. Processor1514 can be coupled to memory 1516, which can store data and/or programcodes related to mobile terminal 1502. Additionally, mobile terminal1502 can employ processor 1514 to perform methodologies 500, 600, 700,800, 900, and/or other similar and appropriate methodologies. Mobileterminal 1502 can also employ one or more components described inprevious figures to effectuate the described functionality: in oneexample, the components can be implemented by the processor 1514. Mobileterminal 1502 can also include a modulator 1518 that can multiplex asignal for transmission by a transmitter 1520 through antenna(s) 1508.

Referring now to FIG. 16, an illustration of a wireless multiple-accesscommunication system is provided in accordance with various aspects. Inone example, an access point 1600 (AP) includes multiple antenna groups.As illustrated in FIG. 16, one antenna group can include antennas 1604and 1606, another can include antennas 1608 and 1610, and another caninclude antennas 1612 and 1614. While only two antennas are shown inFIG. 16 for each antenna group, it should be appreciated that more orfewer antennas may be utilized for each antenna group. In anotherexample, an access terminal 1616 can be in communication with antennas1612 and 1614, where antennas 1612 and 1614 transmit information toaccess terminal 1616 over forward link 1620 and receive information fromaccess terminal 1616 over reverse link 1618. Additionally and/oralternatively, access terminal 1622 can be in communication withantennas 1606 and 1608, where antennas 1606 and 1608 transmitinformation to access terminal 1622 over forward link 1626 and receiveinformation from access terminal 1622 over reverse link 1624. In afrequency division duplex system, communication links 1618, 1620, 1624and 1626 can use different frequency for communication. For example,forward link 1620 may use a different frequency then that used byreverse link 1618.

Each group of antennas and/or the area in which they are designed tocommunicate can be referred to as a sector of the access point. Inaccordance with one aspect, antenna groups can be designed tocommunicate to access terminals in a sector of areas covered by accesspoint 1600. In communication over forward links 1620 and 1626, thetransmitting antennas of access point 1600 can utilize beamforming inorder to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of forward links for thedifferent access terminals 1616 and 1622. Also, an access point usingbeamforming to transmit to access terminals scattered randomly throughits coverage causes less interference to access terminals in neighboringcells than an access point transmitting through a single antenna to allits access terminals.

An access point, e.g., access point 1600, can be a fixed station usedfor communicating with terminals and can also be referred to as a basestation, a Node B, an access network, and/or other suitable terminology.In addition, an access terminal, e.g., an access terminal 1616 or 1622,can also be referred to as a mobile terminal, user equipment, a wirelesscommunication device, a terminal, a wireless terminal, and/or otherappropriate terminology.

Referring now to FIG. 17, a block diagram illustrating an examplewireless communication system 1700 in which various aspects describedherein can function is provided. In one example, system 1700 is amultiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system that includes a transmittersystem 1710 and a receiver system 1750. It should be appreciated,however, that transmitter system 1710 and/or receiver system 1750 couldalso be applied to a multi-input single-output system wherein, forexample, multiple transmit antennas (e.g., on a base station), cantransmit one or more symbol streams to a single antenna device (e.g., amobile station). Additionally, it should be appreciated that aspects oftransmitter system 1710 and/or receiver system 1750 described hereincould be utilized in connection with a single output to single inputantenna system.

In accordance with one aspect, traffic data for a number of data streamsare provided at transmitter system 1710 from a data source 1712 to atransmit (TX) data processor 1714. In one example, each data stream canthen be transmitted via a respective transmit antenna 1724.Additionally, TX data processor 1714 can format, encode, and interleavetraffic data for each data stream based on a particular coding schemeselected for each respective data stream in order to provide coded data.In one example, the coded data for each data stream can then bemultiplexed with pilot data using OFDM techniques. The pilot data canbe, for example, a known data pattern that is processed in a knownmanner. Further, the pilot data can be used at receiver system 1750 toestimate channel response. Back at transmitter system 1710, themultiplexed pilot and coded data for each data stream can be modulated(i.e., symbol mapped) based on a particular modulation scheme (e.g.,BPSK, QSPK, M-PSK, or M-QAM) selected for each respective data stream inorder to provide modulation symbols. In one example, data rate, coding,and modulation for each data stream can be determined by instructionsperformed on and/or provided by processor 1730.

Next, modulation symbols for all data streams can be provided to a TXMIMO processor 1720, which can further process the modulation symbols(e.g., for OFDM). TX MIMO processor 1720 can then provides N_(T)modulation symbol streams to N_(T) transceivers 1722 a through 1722 t.In one example, each transceiver 1722 can receive and process arespective symbol stream to provide one or more analog signals. Eachtransceiver 1722 can then further condition (e.g., amplify, filter, andup-convert) the analog signals to provide a modulated signal suitablefor transmission over a MIMO channel. Accordingly, N_(T) modulatedsignals from transceivers 1722 a through 1722 t can then be transmittedfrom N_(T) antennas 1724 a through 1724 t, respectively.

In accordance with another aspect, the transmitted modulated signals canbe received at receiver system 1750 by N_(R) antennas 1752 a through1752 r. The received signal from each antenna 1752 can then be providedto respective transceivers 1754. In one example, each transceiver 1754can condition (e.g., filter, amplify, and down-convert) a respectivereceived signal, digitize the conditioned signal to provide samples, andthen processes the samples to provide a corresponding “received” symbolstream. An RX MIMO/data processor 1760 can then receive and process theN_(R) received symbol streams from N_(R) transceivers 1754 based on aparticular receiver processing technique to provide N_(T) “detected”symbol streams. In one example, each detected symbol stream can includesymbols that are estimates of the modulation symbols transmitted for thecorresponding data stream. RX MIMO/data processor 1760 can then processeach symbol stream at least in part by demodulating, deinterleaving, anddecoding each detected symbol stream to recover traffic data for acorresponding data stream. Thus, the processing by RX MIMO/dataprocessor 1760 can be complementary to that performed by TX MIMOprocessor 1720 and TX data processor 1718 at transmitter system 1710. RXMIMO/data processor 1760 can additionally provide processed symbolstreams to a data sink 1764.

In accordance with one aspect, the channel response estimate generatedby RX MIMO/data processor 1760 can be used to perform space/timeprocessing at the receiver, adjust power levels, change modulation ratesor schemes, and/or other appropriate actions. Additionally, RX MIMO/dataprocessor 1760 can further estimate channel characteristics such as, forexample, signal-to-noise-and-interference ratios (SNRs) of the detectedsymbol streams. RX MIMO/data processor 1760 can then provide estimatedchannel characteristics to a processor 1770. In one example, RXMIMO/data processor 1760 and/or processor 1770 can further derive anestimate of the “operating” SNR for the system. Processor 1770 can thenprovide channel state information (CSI), which can comprise informationregarding the communication link and/or the received data stream. Thisinformation can include, for example, the operating SNR. The CSI canthen be processed by a TX data processor 1718, modulated by a modulator1780, conditioned by transceivers 1754 a through 1754 r, and transmittedback to transmitter system 1710. In addition, a data source 1716 atreceiver system 1750 can provide additional data to be processed by TXdata processor 1718.

Back at transmitter system 1710, the modulated signals from receiversystem 1750 can then be received by antennas 1724, conditioned bytransceivers 1722, demodulated by a demodulator 1740, and processed by aRX data processor 1742 to recover the CSI reported by receiver system1750. In one example, the reported CSI can then be provided to processor1730 and used to determine data rates as well as coding and modulationschemes to be used for one or more data streams. The determined codingand modulation schemes can then be provided to transceivers 1722 forquantization and/or use in later transmissions to receiver system 1750.Additionally and/or alternatively, the reported CSI can be used byprocessor 1730 to generate various controls for TX data processor 1714and TX MIMO processor 1720. In another example, CSI and/or otherinformation processed by RX data processor 1742 can be provided to adata sink 1744.

In one example, processor 1730 at transmitter system 1710 and processor1770 at receiver system 1750 direct operation at their respectivesystems. Additionally, memory 1732 at transmitter system 1710 and memory1772 at receiver system 1750 can provide storage for program codes anddata used by processors 1730 and 1770, respectively. Further, atreceiver system 1750, various processing techniques can be used toprocess the N_(R) received signals to detect the N_(T) transmittedsymbol streams. These receiver processing techniques can include spatialand space-time receiver processing techniques, which can also bereferred to as equalization techniques, and/or “successivenulling/equalization and interference cancellation” receiver processingtechniques, which can also be referred to as “successive interferencecancellation” or “successive cancellation” receiver processingtechniques.

It is to be understood that the aspects described herein can beimplemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, orany combination thereof. When the systems and/or methods are implementedin software, firmware, middleware or microcode, program code or codesegments, they can be stored in a machine-readable medium, such as astorage component. A code segment can represent a procedure, a function,a subprogram, a program, a routine, a subroutine, a module, a softwarepackage, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures,or program statements. A code segment can be coupled to another codesegment or a hardware circuit by passing and/or receiving information,data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, arguments,parameters, data, etc. can be passed, forwarded, or transmitted usingany suitable means including memory sharing, message passing, tokenpassing, network transmission, etc.

For a software implementation, the techniques described herein can beimplemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) thatperform the functions described herein. The software codes can be storedin memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit can beimplemented within the processor or external to the processor, in whichcase it can be communicatively coupled to the processor via variousmeans as is known in the art.

What has been described above includes examples of one or more aspects.It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combinationof components or methodologies for purposes of describing theaforementioned aspects, but one of ordinary skill in the art canrecognize that many further combinations and permutations of variousaspects are possible. Accordingly, the described aspects are intended toembrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fallwithin the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to theextent that the term “includes” is used in either the detaileddescription or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in amanner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” is interpretedwhen employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, the term“or” as used in either the detailed description or the claims is meantto be a “non-exclusive or.”

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of wireless communication, comprising:receiving, from an access point, assistance data indicating at least afirst sequence of symbols of a subframe for a first positioningreference signal (PRS), a second sequence of symbols of the subframe fora second PRS, and at least one type of reference signal of a pluralityof types of reference signals to be used for positioning; receiving,from the access point, the first PRS via the first sequence of symbols;receiving, from a passive distributed element coupled to the accesspoint, the second PRS via the second sequence of symbols that aredifferent from the first sequence of symbols, the second sequence ofsymbols being determined based at least in part on a function of anidentifier of the passive distributed element that is assigned by theaccess point, and the second sequence of symbols being transmitted tothe passive distributed element from the access point so that thepassive distributed element uses the second sequence of symbols whentransmitting the second PRS; and associating the first PRS with theaccess point and the second PRS with the passive distributed element. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein associating the first PRS with the accesspoint and the second PRS with the passive distributed element is basedat least in part on the assistance data.
 3. The method of claim 1,wherein receiving the assistance data includes receiving a firstlocation of the access point and a second location of the passivedistributed element.
 4. The method of claim 3, further comprisingdetermining a position based at least in part on the first location ofthe access point and the second location of the passive distributedelement as well as the first PRS and the second PRS.
 5. The method ofclaim 1, wherein receiving the assistance data includes receivinginformation for different sequences of symbols related to the first PRSand the second PRS.
 6. The method of claim 1, in which the plurality oftypes of reference signals comprise at least PRSs and common referencesignals (CRSs).
 7. The method of claim 6, in which the assistance dataindicates to not use CRSs transmitted from the passive distributedelement for positioning when transmission of the second PRS is disabled.8. A wireless communications apparatus, comprising: at least oneprocessor configured to: receive, from an access point, assistance dataindicating at least a first sequence of symbols of a subframe for afirst positioning reference signal (PRS), a second sequence of symbolsof the subframe for a second PRS, and at least one type of referencesignal of a plurality of types of reference signals to be used forpositioning; receive, from the access point, the first PRS via the firstsequence of symbols; receive, from a passive distributed element coupledto the access point, the second PRS via the second sequence of symbolsthat are different from the first sequence of symbols, the secondsequence of symbols being determined based at least in part on afunction of an identifier of the passive distributed element that isassigned by the access point, and the second sequence of symbols beingtransmitted to the passive distributed element from the access point sothat the passive distributed element uses the second sequence of symbolswhen transmitting the second PRS; and associate the first PRS as relatedto the access point and the second PRS as related to the passivedistributed element; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor.9. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 8, wherein the atleast one processor is further configured to identify the first PRS asrelated to the access point and the second PRS as related to the passivedistributed element based at least in part on the assistance data. 10.The wireless communications apparatus of claim 8, wherein the assistancedata includes a first location of the access point and a second locationof the passive distributed element.
 11. The wireless communicationsapparatus of claim 8, wherein the assistance data includes informationfor different sequences of symbols related to the first PRS and thesecond PRS.
 12. The wireless communication apparatus of claim 8, inwhich the plurality of types of reference signals comprise at least PRSsand common reference signals (CRSs).
 13. The wireless communicationapparatus of claim 12, in which the assistance data indicates to not useCRSs transmitted from the passive distributed element for positioningwhen transmission of the second PRS is disabled.
 14. An apparatus,comprising: means for receiving, from an access point, assistance dataindicating at least a first sequence of symbols of a subframe for afirst positioning reference signal (PRS), a second sequence of symbolsof the subframe for a second PRS, and at least one type of referencesignal of a plurality of types of reference signals to be used forpositioning; means for receiving, from the access point, the first PRSvia the first sequence of symbols; means for receiving, from a passivedistributed element coupled to the access point, the second PRS via thesecond sequence of symbols that are different from the first sequence ofsymbols, the second sequence of symbols being determined based at leastin part on a function of an identifier of the passive distributedelement that is assigned by the access point, and the second sequence ofsymbols being transmitted to the passive distributed element from theaccess point so that the passive distributed element uses the secondsequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS; and means forassociating the first PRS with the access point and the second PRS withthe passive distributed element.
 15. The apparatus of claim 14, whereinthe means for associating associates the first PRS with the access pointbased at least in part on the first sequence of symbols, and the meansfor associating associates the second PRS with the passive distributedelement based at least in part on the second sequence of symbols. 16.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the assistance data further comprisesa first location of the access point and a second location of thepassive distributed element.
 17. The apparatus of claim 14, in which theplurality of types of reference signals comprise at least PRSs andcommon reference signals (CRSs).
 18. The apparatus of claim 17, in whichthe assistance data indicates to not use CRSs transmitted from thepassive distributed element for positioning when transmission of thesecond PRS is disabled.
 19. A computer program product, comprising: anon-transitory computer-readable medium comprising: code for causing atleast one computer to receive, from an access point, assistance dataindicating at least a first sequence of symbols of a subframe for afirst positioning reference signal (PRS), a second sequence of symbolsof the subframe for a second PRS, and at least one type of referencesignal of a plurality of types of reference signals to be used forpositioning; code for causing the at least one computer to receive, fromthe access point, the first PRS via the first sequence of symbols; codefor causing the at least one computer to receive, from a passivedistributed element coupled to the access point, the second PRS via thesecond sequence of symbols that are different from the first sequence ofsymbols, the second sequence of symbols being determined based at leastin part on a function of an identifier of the passive distributedelement that is assigned by the access point, and the second sequence ofsymbols being transmitted to the passive distributed element from theaccess point so that the passive distributed element uses the secondsequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS; and code forcausing the at least one computer to associate the first PRS as relatedto the access point and the second PRS as related to the passivedistributed element.
 20. The computer program product of claim 19,wherein the computer-readable medium further comprises code for causingthe at least one computer to identify the first PRS as related to theaccess point and the second PRS as related to the passive distributedelement based at least in part on the assistance data.
 21. The computerprogram product of claim 19, wherein the assistance data includes afirst location of the access point and a second location of the passivedistributed element.
 22. The computer program product of claim 19,wherein the assistance data includes information for different sequencesof symbols related to the first PRS and the second PRS.
 23. The computerprogram product of claim 19, in which the plurality of types ofreference signals comprise at least PRSs and common reference signals(CRSs).
 24. The computer program product of claim 23, in which theassistance data indicates to not use CRSs transmitted from the passivedistributed element for positioning when transmission of the second PRSis disabled.
 25. An apparatus, comprising: a reference signal (RS)receiving component configured to: receive, from an access point,assistance data indicating at least a first sequence of symbols of asubframe for a first positioning reference signal (PRS), a secondsequence of symbols of the subframe for a second PRS, and at least onetype of reference signal of a plurality of types of reference signals tobe used for positioning; receive, from the access point, the first PRSvia the first sequence of symbols; and receive, from a passivedistributed element coupled to the access point, the second PRS via thesecond sequence of symbols that are different from the first sequence ofsymbols, the second sequence of symbols being determined based at leastin part on a function of an identifier of the passive distributedelement that is assigned by the access point, and the second sequence ofsymbols being transmitted to the passive distributed element from theaccess point so that the passive distributed element uses the secondsequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS; and a RS sourcedetermining component configured to associate the first PRS with theaccess point and the second PRS with the passive distributed element.26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the RS source determiningcomponent associates the first PRS with the access point based at leastin part on the first sequence of symbols, and the RS source determiningcomponent associates the second PRS with the passive distributed elementbased at least in part on the second sequence of symbols.
 27. Theapparatus of claim 25, wherein the assistance data further comprises afirst location of the access point and a second location of the passivedistributed element.
 28. The apparatus of claim 25, in which theplurality of types of reference signals comprise at least PRSs andcommon reference signals (CRSs).
 29. The apparatus of claim 28, in whichthe assistance data indicates to not use CRSs transmitted from thepassive distributed element for positioning when transmission of thesecond PRS is disabled.
 30. A method of wireless communication,comprising: determining, at an access point, a first sequence of symbolsof a subframe for a first positioning reference signal (PRS);determining, at the access point, a second sequence of symbols of thesubframe for a second PRS, the second sequence of symbols beingdifferent than the first sequence of symbols, the second sequence ofsymbols being determined based at least in part on a function of anidentifier of a passive distributed element that is assigned by theaccess point, the second PRS being transmitted by the passivedistributed element, and the second sequence of symbols being defined bythe access point and transmitted to the passive distributed element fromthe access point so that the passive distributed element uses the secondsequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS; transmitting, fromthe access point to a user equipment (UE), assistance data indicating atleast the first sequence of symbols, the second sequence of symbols, andat least one type of reference signal of a plurality of types ofreference signals to be used for positioning; and transmitting, from theaccess point, the first PRS.
 31. The method of claim 30, whereintransmitting the assistance data includes transmitting a first locationof an access point and a second location of the passive distributedelement to the one or more wireless devices.
 32. The method of claim 30,further comprising providing the second PRS to the passive distributedelement for transmission.
 33. The method of claim 30, further comprisinginstructing the passive distributed element to refrain from transmittingthe second PRS.
 34. The method of claim 30, in which the plurality oftypes of reference signals comprise at least PRSs and common referencesignals (CRSs).
 35. The method of claim 34, in which the assistance dataindicates to not use CRSs transmitted from the passive distributedelement for positioning when transmission of the second PRS is disabled.36. An access point configured for wireless communications, the accesspoint comprising: at least one processor configured to: determine afirst sequence of symbols of a subframe for a first positioningreference signal (PRS); determine a second sequence of symbols of thesubframe for a second PRS, the second sequence of symbols beingdifferent than the first sequence of symbols, the second sequence ofsymbols being determined based at least in part on a function of anidentifier of a passive distributed element that is assigned by theaccess point, the second PRS being transmitted by the passivedistributed element, and the second sequence of symbols being defined bythe access point and transmitted to the passive distributed element fromthe access point so that the passive distributed element uses the secondsequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS; transmit, to auser equipment (UE), assistance data indicating at least the firstsequence of symbols, the second sequence of symbols, and at least onetype of reference signal of a plurality of types of reference signals tobe used for positioning; and transmit the first PRS; and a memorycoupled to the at least one processor.
 37. The access point of claim 36,wherein the assistance data further includes a first location of thewireless communications apparatus and a second location of the passivedistributed element.
 38. The access point of claim 36, wherein the atleast one processor is further configured to communicate the second PRSto the passive distributed element for transmission.
 39. The accesspoint of claim 36, wherein the at least one processor is furtherconfigured to instruct the passive distributed element to refrain fromtransmitting the second PRS.
 40. The access point of claim 36, in whichthe plurality of types of reference signals comprise at least PRSs andcommon reference signals (CRSs).
 41. The access point of claim 40, inwhich the assistance data indicates to not use CRSs transmitted from thepassive distributed element for positioning when transmission of thesecond PRS is disabled.
 42. An apparatus, comprising: means fordetermining, at an access point, a first sequence of symbols of asubframe for a first positioning reference signal (PRS); means fordetermining, at the access point, a second sequence of symbols of thesubframe for a second PRS, the second sequence of symbols beingdifferent than the first sequence of symbols, the second sequence ofsymbols being determined based at least in part on a function of anidentifier of a passive distributed element that is assigned by theaccess point, the second PRS being transmitted by the passivedistributed element, and the second sequence of symbols being defined bythe access point and transmitted to the passive distributed element fromthe access point so that the passive distributed element uses the secondsequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS; means fortransmitting, from the access point to a user equipment (UE), assistancedata indicating at least the first sequence of symbols, the secondsequence of symbols, and at least one type of reference signal of aplurality of types of reference signals to be used for positioning; andmeans for transmitting the first PRS.
 43. The apparatus of claim 42,wherein the assistance data further includes a first location of theapparatus and a second location of the passive distributed element. 44.The apparatus of claim 42, further comprising means for providing thesecond PRS to the passive distributed element for transmission.
 45. Theapparatus of claim 42, in which the plurality of types of referencesignals comprise at least PRSs and common reference signals (CRSs). 46.The apparatus of claim 45, in which the assistance data indicates to notuse CRSs transmitted from the passive distributed element forpositioning when transmission of the second PRS is disabled.
 47. Acomputer program product, comprising: a non-transitory computer-readablemedium comprising: code for causing at least one computer to determine,at an access point, a first sequence of symbols of a subframe for afirst positioning reference signal (PRS); code for causing the at leastone computer to determine, at the access point, a second sequence ofsymbols of the subframe for a second PRS, the second sequence of symbolsbeing different than the first sequence of symbols, the second sequenceof symbols being determined based at least in part on a function of anidentifier of a passive distributed element that is assigned by theaccess point, the second PRS being transmitted by the passivedistributed element, and the second sequence of symbols being defined bythe access point and transmitted to the passive distributed element fromthe access point so that the passive distributed element uses the secondsequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS; code for causingthe at least one computer to transmit, from the access point to a userequipment (UE), assistance data indicating at least the first sequenceof symbols, the second sequence of symbols, and at least one type ofreference signal of a plurality of types of reference signals to be usedfor positioning; and code for causing the at least one computer totransmit, from the access point, the first PRS.
 48. The computer programproduct of claim 47, wherein the assistance data further includes afirst location of an access point and a second location of the passivedistributed element.
 49. The computer program product of claim 47,wherein the computer-readable medium further comprises code for causingthe at least one computer to communicate the second PRS to the passivedistributed element for transmission.
 50. The computer program productof claim 47, further comprising code for causing the at least onecomputer to instruct the passive distributed element to refrain fromtransmitting the second PRS.
 51. The computer program product of claim47, in which the plurality of types of reference signals comprise atleast PRSs and common reference signals (CRSs).
 52. The computer programproduct of claim 51, in which the assistance data indicates to not useCRSs transmitted from the passive distributed element for positioningwhen transmission of the second PRS is disabled.
 53. An apparatus,comprising: a component configured to: determine, at an access point, afirst sequence of symbols of a subframe for a first positioningreference signal (PRS); determine, at the access point, a secondsequence of symbols of the subframe for a second PRS, the secondsequence of symbols being different than the first sequence of symbols,the second sequence of symbols being determined based at least in parton a function of an identifier of a passive distributed element that isassigned by the access point, the second PRS being transmitted by thepassive distributed element, and the second sequence of symbols beingdefined by the access point and transmitted to the passive distributedelement from the access point so that the passive distributed elementuses the second sequence of symbols when transmitting the second PRS;and a transmitting component configured to: transmit, from the accesspoint to a user equipment (UE), assistance data indicating at least thefirst sequence of symbols, the second sequence of symbols, and at leastone type of reference signal of a plurality of types of referencesignals to be used for positioning; and transmit, from the access pointto the UE, the first PRS.
 54. The apparatus of claim 53, wherein thecomponent is a first PRS sequence determining component.
 55. Theapparatus of claim 53, wherein the assistance data further includes afirst location of the apparatus and a second location of the passivedistributed element.
 56. The apparatus of claim 53, further comprising aremote transmitting component that communicates the second PRS to thepassive distributed element for transmission thereof according to thesecond set of parameters.
 57. The apparatus of claim 53, in which theplurality of types of reference signals comprise at least PRSs andcommon reference signals (CRSs).
 58. The apparatus of claim 57, in whichthe assistance data indicates to not use CRSs transmitted from thepassive distributed element for positioning when transmission of thesecond PRS is disabled.